The relationship of impulsive and dysregulated behaviors to substance use
Item
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Title
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The relationship of impulsive and dysregulated behaviors to substance use
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Identifier
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d_2009_2013:590dbdef6c94:11030
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identifier
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11358
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Creator
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Harty, Seth Charles,
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Contributor
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Jeffrey M. Halperin
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Date
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2011
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Clinical psychology | Behavioral psychology | Adolescence | Impulsivity | Substance Use
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Abstract
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Longitudinal studies indicate that individuals diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit elevated rates of substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs). The development of substance use in individuals with ADHD has been found to be largely impacted by the presence of comorbid conduct disorder (CD). Several studies have shown an association between ADHD and increased substance use over the risk posed by CD whereas others have suggested that CD mediates the relationship between ADHD and later substance misuse. The diagnostic criteria for CD, ADHD, and SUD are notable for the presence of impulsive behaviors. One of the most robust predictors of maladaptive substance use is a persistent pattern of impulsive behavior.;This series of studies investigated the relationship between substance use and impulsive behavior using animal models of impulsivity and longitudinal studies of youth with ADHD. Study I employed animals and measured the degree to which impulsive behavior was impacted after chronic drug (heroin) administration. Studies II and III characterized substance use outcomes as a function of impulsive and dysregulated behaviors and psychostimulant treatment in a large sample of ethnically diverse, lower SES urban youth diagnosed with ADHD. Study II examined late adolescent substance use outcomes in relation to childhood CD and psychostimulant treatment in youth diagnosed with ADHD in childhood and Study III examined the degree to which ratings of aggression, delinquency and attention are differentially related to adolescent substance use outcomes.;These results further clarify the relations between impulsive behaviors and maladaptive substance use. Study I did not provide support for the idea that impulsivity is caused by drug use. Study II reported robust findings indicating that dysregulated behaviors associated with childhood diagnoses of CD, and not ADHD, portend both greater substance use severity and impairment. Further, a diagnosis of CD is characterized by both delinquent and aggressive behaviors and Study III provided evidence that delinquency is the most robust predictor of adolescent substance use outcome.;These findings have important implications regarding delinquent behaviors and substance use outcomes. Identifying impulsive behaviors related to the delinquency may be a focus of continued efforts in the areas of preventative treatments.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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2009_2013.csv
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Psychology
