Selective Attention in Children with Specific Language Impairment: Auditory and Visual Stroop Effects
Item
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Title
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Selective Attention in Children with Specific Language Impairment: Auditory and Visual Stroop Effects
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Identifier
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d_2009_2013:3093ad53eb9f:11327
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identifier
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11754
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Creator
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Kuntz, Bernadette P.,
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Contributor
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Richard G. Schwartz
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Date
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2012
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Speech therapy | Cognitive psychology | Inhibition | Interference | Selective Attention | SLI | Stroop
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Abstract
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The aim of this study was to determine whether children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) have deficits in selective attention (inhibition and interference) as measured by Stroop interference tests. Stroop interference tests can be used to quantify interference and inhibition control. Sixteen children with SLI (ages 8--10) and 16 age-matched typically developing children (TLD) (ages 8--10) completed auditory and visual Stroop tasks. The auditory task involved identifying via button press either the voice (perceptual target) (male, female, girl or boy) or word (linguistic target) (man, women, boy, girl, car, ball, fish, dog) they heard through headphones. The relationship between the voice and the word defined the type of condition (congruent, incongruent, or neutral). The visual task consisted of eight words (linguistic target) (red, blue, green, yellow, ball, fish, dog, and car) and four ink colors (perceptual target) (red, blue, green, and yellow). The relationship between the color of the ink and the word defined the condition (congruent, incongruent, and neutral). Reaction time and accuracy was analyzed for each subject group (SLI, TLD) across each Stroop condition (congruent, incongruent, and neutral), target (linguistic and perceptual) and modality (auditory and visual). Results revealed Stroop effects for both groups across each target and modality. However, children with SLI demonstrated longer reaction times and an increased number of errors compared to age-matched controls during incongruent trials regardless of modality or target. Longer reaction times and an increased number of errors in the presence of distracters suggest deficits in selective attention.;Results are discussed in terms of inhibitory related functions. Clinical implications of the study are reviewed.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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2009_2013.csv
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Speech and Hearing Sciences
