On chip micro power self generator for Smart Pavement Material application
Item
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Title
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On chip micro power self generator for Smart Pavement Material application
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Identifier
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d_2009_2013:cb6b2b6a9687:11935
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identifier
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12567
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Creator
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Rezaei Homami, Hassan,
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Contributor
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David Crouse
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Date
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2013
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Electrical engineering | Urban planning | Embedded Sensor | Micro Generator | Sensor Network | Smart Pavement Material
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Abstract
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Transportation agencies are spending considerable resources monitoring the status of roadways in many ways. Roadway monitoring is quite often done with low-tech and costly methods and only recently have more sophisticated approaches been implemented. Smart Pavement Material (SPM) is a stand-alone micro node device that can be embedded in the pavement and will operate with a long range life time and will be a highway sensor station. This SPM node will be equipped with its own on chip micro power generator unit and a short range broadband wireless unit. SPM node will operate without external power and wired communication services. SPM deployment will be a large distribution of the nodes along the highway with distances of 3'- 5' apart.;Two main operation duties of a SPM node are (a) sensing/processing that collects the information of the pavement and traffic and (b) interconnection that builds an embedded wireless network providing a communication service between the nodes. Primary applications of SPM will be pavement maintenance and an advanced traffic control system. Under SPM feasibility studies, the system components had been investigated and it was specified that an on chip power generator is the main component of SPM. It was determined that SPM performance and capabilities depend on node self-generating power. The study recognized that the main energy resource is vehicle mobility energy, which transfers to pavement. This research includes modeling and design of an SPM on chip micro power self generator. The major milestones of the research are: system conceptual planning, simulation and modeling, energy conversion assessment and the microgenerator design. The project results include: · Traffic mobility simulation model estimated the maximum SPM microgenerator charging/activation rate. In freeway roadway, this maximum is 9.2% of total daily traffic. This value at local collector road estimate is 51%. The mode specified the optimum location for the SPM node that can achieve a maximum charging. · Pavement response models and macro/ micro simulation models for study of the pavement response were developed. An emulated circuit to simulate the strain and stress of the pavement was presented. · Roadway pavement energy harvesting alternative analysis and multiple methods were described and analyzed. The results include multiple microstructures, which were proposed for the SPM microgenerator. The results show an electrostatic harvesting approach with multi plate cantilever structure can satisfy the requirement of the SPM node. This microgenerator will have a maximum power of 345 microW with initial 9 Vdc and use a dielectric material permittivity of 2800. · SPM micro power self generator design (layout, material and control circuits) was completed. The proposed fabrication processes including proposed lithography are included in the design. The design was prepared for a prototype SPM microgenerator element.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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2009_2013.csv
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Engineering
