Inhibitory control, working memory, and state regulation in families of hyperactive and inattentive preschoolers.
Item
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Title
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Inhibitory control, working memory, and state regulation in families of hyperactive and inattentive preschoolers.
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Identifier
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AAI3325461
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identifier
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3325461
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Creator
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Santra, Amita.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Jeffrey M. Halperin
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Date
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2008
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Psychology, Clinical | Psychology, Developmental
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Abstract
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Objective. To determine the extent to which inhibitory control, working memory, and state regulation serve as candidate endophenotypes for Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Method. The above neurocognitive factors were assessed in preschool children with either high (HI) or low (NC) levels of hyperactivity/inattention, as well as in their parents. Performance of (1) these HI and NC preschoolers, and (2) the parents of these two groups of children, as well as (3) performance of children in relation to their parents on the computerized novel experimental measures were compared. Results. The findings suggest that preschool children with elevated levels of ADHD symptoms present with a global state regulation deficit that likely impacts functioning across a wide array of domains. Yet, when appropriate matched control conditions were utilized to control for lower-level processes, there was no evidence to suggest the presence of specific deficits in executive functioning. Although mothers of HI preschoolers did not display any neurocognitive deficits, fathers of these preschoolers exhibited specific deficiencies in response inhibition and state regulation after controlling for lower-level processes. Conclusion. The current findings support the notion that a global state regulatory deficit may underlie the cognitive and behavioral deficits characteristic of ADHD. These data also point to familial aggregation of a response inhibition deficit, which children inherit from their parents; however, these traits may not be sufficiently developed during the preschool period to show any specific deficit. Response inhibition has been linked to top-down executive control, and may underlie the remission of the symptoms over time.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
