EMITTED AND EVOKED PUPILLARY RESPONSES AND EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS AS A FUNCTION OF REWARD AND TASK INVOLVEMENT.
Item
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Title
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EMITTED AND EVOKED PUPILLARY RESPONSES AND EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS AS A FUNCTION OF REWARD AND TASK INVOLVEMENT.
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Identifier
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AAI8212217
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identifier
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8212217
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Creator
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STEINHAUER, STUART ROBERT.
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Contributor
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Gad Hakerem
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Date
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1982
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Psychology, Physiological
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Abstract
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This study explored the influence of motivational factors, as represented by differential rewards and task involvement, on psychophysiological responses that have been associated with information processing activities. Pupil diameter, and event-related potentials (ERPs) at midline frontal, vertex, parietal and occipital locations were recorded from eight male subjects engaged in a betting task. Winning or losing on each trial was indicated by either a click or absence of a click. In the Subject-Bet condition, the subject placed a bet of zero, 25 or 50 cents that he would win. In the Computer-Bet condition, the bet value was selected by computer. In a condition of event certainty, the subject was told which event would occur, and no betting occurred.;Following the informational event (stimulus presence or absence), the pupil dialted for 1200 msec, followed by a pattern of constriction termed the "recovery slope." The ERP was characterized by a contingent negative variation (CNV) in the interval between a warning stimulus and the informational event, and a vertex-maximal P300 component following the event. Emitted and evoked pupillary and P300 responses were often double in amplitude during the Subject-Bet condition as compared to the Computer-Bet condition. All responses were larger during betting as compared to certainty. Increasing bet value resulted in greater amplitudes for evoked and emitted P300 and pupillary dilation responses, but not for CNV. Peak dilation did not differ between winning vs. losing outcomes, but the recovery slope exhibited greater constriction for increasing loss of money, and less constriction as the amount of money won increased.;Emitted and evoked P300 components were not significantly different in amplitude for the same conditions. Across sessions, however, P300 tended to be consistently larger for winning than losing conditions. Thus, when the missing stimulus represented winning, emitted P300s tended to be larger in amplitude than the evoked P300s. No previous studies have reported larger emitted than evoked P300s.;The results were interpreted as indicating that pupillary and P300 responses reflect internally generated processes associated with motivational and information processing characteristics, and can be dissociated from the concept of the orienting response.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Psychology
