DIFFERENCES IN ICONIC MEMORY AND PHENOMENAL PERSISTENCE: STIMULUS ENERGY AND AGE EFFECTS.
Item
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Title
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DIFFERENCES IN ICONIC MEMORY AND PHENOMENAL PERSISTENCE: STIMULUS ENERGY AND AGE EFFECTS.
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Identifier
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AAI8401898
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identifier
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8401898
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Creator
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GASQUOINE, PHILIP GERARD.
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Contributor
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Mitchell L. Kietzman
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Date
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1983
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Psychology, Clinical
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Abstract
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In Experiment 1, iconic memory and phenomenal persistence measurements were compared in their duration and in their response to increases in stimulus duration (from 17 msec to 50 msec) and stimulus intensity (from 0.15 ftL to 1.5 ftL). Iconic memory, defined as visual information in a stimulus continuing to be accessible after stimulus offset, was measured with a Sperling partial-report procedure. Four columns of two randomly selected letters were presented tachistoscopically and a visual cue, presented at six intervals from 250 msec before, to 500 msec after, letter offset, designated one column for report. Phenomenal persistence, defined as a visual stimulus continuing to be visible after its physical offset, was measured with a modified Eriksen and Collins successive-forms procedure. This procedure used a cue and two complementary half-letter displays which, when superimposed spatially and temporally, formed the same display used in the partial-report procedure. The results from six subjects showed iconic memory to be of longer duration than phenomenal persistence. Iconic memory was not significantly affected by increases in stimulus duration or stimulus intensity, whereas phenomenal persistence was inversely related (lower percentage correct) to such increases.;In Experiment 2, iconic memory and phenomenal persistence measurements in six young adult (M = 23 years) and six older (M = 61.7 years) subjects were compared. The older group produced functions of similar shape to the young adult group with a lower percentage correct. These results were at variance with previous research where older subjects had had difficulty with the partial-report procedure, yet performed better than young adults on phenomenal persistence measures. The successful performance of the older group on the partial-report procedure used here was attributed to the use of negative cue intervals which provided a higher baseline from which performance decrements could be measured. The poor performance of the older group on the successive-forms procedure relative to previous studies was attributed to the use of a more difficult letter identification task.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Psychology
