TEMPERATURE RESPONSES AND LIFE-HISTORY CHARACTERS IN 12 SPECIES OF DROSOPHILA (AGING, RESOURCES, BEHAVIOR).
Item
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Title
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TEMPERATURE RESPONSES AND LIFE-HISTORY CHARACTERS IN 12 SPECIES OF DROSOPHILA (AGING, RESOURCES, BEHAVIOR).
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Identifier
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AAI8501172
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identifier
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8501172
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Creator
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SCHNEBEL, EDGAR M.
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Contributor
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Joseph Grossfield
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Date
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1984
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Biology, General
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Abstract
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Mating, oviposition and pupation temperature responses, and adult longevity characters (survival curves, LT50, LT100 and range) were examined in 12 Drosophila species. Mating and oviposition temperatures were investigated at 3 ages.;Temperature Comparisons. Comparisons among 4 Drosophila species triads (virilis, repleta and melanogaster groups: two siblings and one non-sibling; willistoni group: 3 semispecies) from different ecological backgrounds (virilis: temperate-montane forest; repleta: desert; melanogaster: cosmopolitan; willistoni: tropical forest) reveal mating, oviposition and pupation temperature ranges that generally reflect geographic distributions: (UNFORMATTED TABLE FOLLOWS).;Common Ranges/Absolute Ranges (dC).;Species Groups Mating Oviposition Pupation.;virilis 3-30/3-34 9-32/6-34 4.5-36/3-38.;repleta 9-34/9-36 12-36/10.5-38 6-38/4.5-38.;melanogaster 10.5-32/6-34 10.5-34/7.5-34 4.5-34/3-38.;willistoni 13.5-30/9-32 10.5-30/7.5-34 9-30/6-30.;(TABLE ENDS).;Within triad comparisons reflect species' distributions and suggest potential microniche differences. All 12 Drosophila species exhibit different combinations of temperature capabilities. Within species, temperature can affect each response differently. Among species, temperature can affect a particular response differently.;Results demonstrate distinctions between temperature limits on mating, oviposition and pupation, and conditions reported in the literature for tolerance/survival, developmental viability and resource utilization.;Age Comparisons. Most species show significant decreases in mating and oviposition, an increase in response variability, and a narrowing of temperature ranges with age. The cosmopolitan melanogaster group shows the fewest age effects, whereas the shorter-lived repleta and willistoni groups show the most.;Mating and oviposition are both age- and temperature-dependent, and each response can be influenced differently by these factors. The relationships between age-dependent reproductive patterns and species' longevities do not conform to predictions of life-history models.;Diversity in age-dependent reproduction and longevity characters among species, demonstrates the value of a comparative approach for the study of aging. Observations of both rectangular and linear survival curves suggest potentially different aging mechanisms.;Phylogenetic Comparisons. Temperature responses cannot be used to predict similarities and differences among closely related species. Patterns of species differences can also change with age.;Within triad similarity in longevity characters reflects species' phylogenetic relationships. Results demonstrate, however, that comparisons should be carried out separately for the two sexes and that differences in one character cannot be used to predict differences in others.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Biology
