INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF TYPE A PERSONALITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL STRESSORS ON HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTIONING.
Item
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Title
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INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF TYPE A PERSONALITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL STRESSORS ON HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTIONING.
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Identifier
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AAI8611320
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identifier
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8611320
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Creator
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ALBRIGHT, GLENN LEE.
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Contributor
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Solomon S. Steiner
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Date
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1986
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Psychology, Physiological
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Abstract
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Traditional cardiovascular measures of heart rate and blood pressure have not reliably correlated with Type A personality measures. The first study, defines Type A behavior as scores on the Jenkins Activity Survey and correlates these with previously unavailable measures of cardiovascular function. Using non-invasive impedance cardiography, measures of stroke volume, Heather's index of myocardial contractility, cardiac output and total systemic resistance were obtained (in addition to the traditional measures of heart rate and blood pressure). These physiological measures were taken during a baseline condition, period of self-relaxation, a psychological stressor and a cold pressor stressor. A step-wise multiple linear regression analysis was used to correlate Type A score from the composite of psychophysiological variables.;Gender and stroke volume changes during the psychological stress accounted for 45% (p < .017) of the variance in Type A score. 78% (p < .01) of the job involvement sub-scale variance was accounted for by changes in total systemic resistance, stroke volume and heart rate during the psychological stressor and systolic blood pressure during the cold pressor stressor. Thus, Type A behavior reliably correlates with cardiovascular changes produced by a psychological stress.;The second and third studies in this series extended the concept that a specific stressor would produce specific patterns of psychophysiological responses. A third stress condition, aerobic exercise, was studied in addition to the psychological and cold pressor stressors. The effects of these stressors on cardiodynamic variables was ascertained for each stressor alone and in combination.;All three stressors showed reliable patterns of cardiodynamic changes characteristic of each stressor tested. Furthermore, the combined effects of these stressors was interactive and not merely additive.;These studies demonstrate that: (1) Different stressors show specific patterns of psychophysiological response associated with them, (2) the combined effects of stressors is different than the sum of their individual effects, and (3) the concept of Type A personality is meaningful in correlating the cardiodynamic changes to specific stressors (psychological stress). This finding would not be evident with mere measures of heart rate and blood pressure, which simply show elevation to a variety of stressors.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Psychology
