SPEECH PERCEPTION IN DYSLEXIC CHILDREN (PHONOLOGICAL).
Item
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Title
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SPEECH PERCEPTION IN DYSLEXIC CHILDREN (PHONOLOGICAL).
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Identifier
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AAI8611372
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identifier
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8611372
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Creator
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PALLAY, SHERRY LYNN.
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Contributor
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Jeffrey Rosen
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Date
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1986
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Psychology, Experimental | Education, Special | Education, Reading | Health Sciences, Speech Pathology
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Abstract
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There is strong evidence that at least some forms of reading disability stem from a deficit in language and in particular phonological processing. Poor readers have been shown to have short term memory deficits for phonological information, to lack a linguistic awareness of the phonetic structure of words, to have difficulty perceiving speech in noise, and to have trouble perceiving acoustic cues for a place distinction. This study was undertaken to further investigate these issues. In particular, the aim was to investigate whether some poor readers have a deficit of phonetic and/or temporal perception. Two related but differing hypotheses were studied. One is that dyslexic children have a perceptual deficit that is specific to phonetic information. The other is that these children have a disorder of temporal perception (i.e. a difficulty processing brief information) that is not specific to phonetic information but is in fact based on a disorder of nonphonetic perception. Such a deficit would affect phonetic processing because rapidly occurring information is characteristic of speech sounds. To this end, dyslexic and normal readers were compared on three speech and one nonspeech task. All required temporal processing. One speech task required identification and discrimination of a /ba/-/wa/ continuum, varying in the first formant transition. A second speech task consisted of a /da/-/ta/ continuum varying in voice onset time. The nonspeech task consisted of the isolated first formant transition from the /ba/-/wa/ set. A third speech task required the perception of words which were compressed in time by 30 and 60 percent. Although the groups did not differ in performance on the identification tasks, they were found to be significantly less efficient at discriminating the phonetic information as compared to the normal readers. In addition, they were found to be more adversely affected on the 60 percent time compressed task than the normal readers. In contrast, the groups did not differ in performance on the nonspeech discrimination task. The findings support the notion that some dyslexic children have a perceptual deficit that is specific to speech. Although evidence was presented that some dyslexic children are less efficient at discriminating temporal speech cues there was no evidence to support the view that poor readers have a deficit processing "brief" temporal information in general. The results provide additional evidence that some poor readers have difficulties in the phonological domain.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Psychology
