A SYSTEMATIC REVISION OF THE GENUS CYBIANTHUS SUBGENUS GRAMMADENIA (MYRSINACEAE) (ANATOMY, TREE ARCHITECTURE).
Item
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Title
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A SYSTEMATIC REVISION OF THE GENUS CYBIANTHUS SUBGENUS GRAMMADENIA (MYRSINACEAE) (ANATOMY, TREE ARCHITECTURE).
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Identifier
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AAI8611374
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identifier
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8611374
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Creator
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PIPOLY, JOHN JAMES, III.
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Contributor
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Scott A. Mori
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Date
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1986
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Biology, Botany
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Abstract
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The relationships of species in Grammadenia Bentham and the relationship of Grammadenia to the genus Cybianthus were investigated. A phylogenetic (cladistic) analysis revealed that the genus Cybianthus is most closely related to the genus Embelia. Using Embelia for outgroup comparison, the character states of Cybianthus were polarized, and nine of the ten subgenera of Agostini (1980) were supported by the fully resolved cladogram. Cybianthus subg. Iteoides is relegated to synonymy under subg. Microconomorpha. Cladistic analysis of these subgenera revealed that Grammadenia belonged to a clade with subgenera Cybianthus and Cybianthopsis, and the new combination, Cybianthus subg. Grammadenia (Bentham) Pipoly, is made. Because subgenera Cybianthus and Cybianthopsis are more closely related to each other than either one is to Grammadenia, both were used as a functional outgroup to polarize the character states within Grammadenia. The number of species within Grammadenia is reduced from 24 to 7. Four subspecies are proposed for C. costaricanus, and two for C. magnus. One new species, C. piresii, is described. Each species has autapomorphies and the species cladogram is fully resolved.;Morphological, anatomical and ecological studies of subgenus Grammadenia are presented along with descriptions, illustrations and distribution maps. Architectural studies revealed that all taxa exhibit Rauh's Model, and that much taxonomic overdescription was attributable to reiteration, affecting leaf morphology, branching and sexuality. Primary stem anatomy showed all species of subg. Grammadenia have a heretofore unknown type of nodal anatomy and vasculature. Primary stem and leaf histological differences were useful at both the subgeneric and specific levels. Inflorescence, floral and wood anatomy were not found taxonomically useful at the specific level. However, preliminary data suggest that their taxonomic utility at the subgeneric level merits further investigation.;The genus Cybianthus, now considered to have 150 species in ten subgenera, is cladistically defined by the unique glandular-granules at corolla lobe and tube junction. For practical purposes of identification, the combination of axillary racemes or racemose panicles, and filaments which are shorter than the corolla, connate at least one-fourth their length, and adnate to the corolla at least one-third its length allows for easy recognition.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Biology
