EFFECTS OF BIOGENIC AMINES, CYCLIC-AMP AND PERICARDIAL ORGAN ON OSMOREGULATORY PROCESSES IN THE GREEN CRAB, CARCINUS MAENAS (L.) (NEUROHORMONES, DOPAMINE, SODIUM TRANSPORT, ATPASE, POTASSIUM).
Item
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Title
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EFFECTS OF BIOGENIC AMINES, CYCLIC-AMP AND PERICARDIAL ORGAN ON OSMOREGULATORY PROCESSES IN THE GREEN CRAB, CARCINUS MAENAS (L.) (NEUROHORMONES, DOPAMINE, SODIUM TRANSPORT, ATPASE, POTASSIUM).
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Identifier
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AAI8611384
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identifier
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8611384
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Creator
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SOMMER, MICHAEL JOSEPH.
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Contributor
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Linda H. Mantel
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Date
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1985
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Biology, Animal Physiology
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Abstract
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Various aspects of osmoregulation in crustaceans have been shown to be under neuroendocrine control. This study indicates that some neuroendocrine factors may mediate their effects through the second messenger cyclic AMP.;In vivo injection of 10('-5) M dopamine or 10('-6) M dibutyryl cAMP into Carcinus maenas causes a significant increase (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively) in uptake of sodium from the external medium. The pericardial organ, which is known to contain dopamine, was also tested to determine its effect on sodium uptake in intact Carcinus maenas. Uptake of sodium was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than sodium uptake in control animals at the 3 hour sampling period. No statistical significance were observed at the 1 hour and 2 hour sampling periods.;The effects of dopamine and dibutyryl cAMP were tested on Na/K-ATPase activity of the gills. Dopamine was injected in adult intermolt green crabs at a concentration of 10('-5) M. Three hours following injection, the gills were assayed for Na/K-ATPase activity. In the second experiment, gills from one side of the crab were incubated in 10('-5) M dbcAMP for 2 hours, while control gills were incubated in Ringer's. Animals injected with dopamine or gills treated with dbcAMP showed a significant increase (p < 0.005) in Na/K-ATPase activity of the microsomal fraction over controls. The effect of pericardial organ (PO) extracts on Na/K-ATPase activity were tested. These studies show that PO is able to increase Na/K-ATPase activity in the microsomal fraction significantly (p < 0.01) over that of the control.;Studies were carried out to see the effects of dopamine and octopamine on levels of cAMP in the anterior and posterior gills of C. maenas. These experiments showed that dopamine increased cAMP levels significantly (p < 0.01) in the anterior and posterior gills of this crab. Octopamine was able to induce increases in cAMP levels in gill tissue but these increases were not significantly different from control values.;Experiments to determine the effects of long term transfer and acute transfer of C. maenas to 40% SW on cAMP levels in the gills were also undertaken. Long term acclimation of green crabs resulted in lower cAMP values in the anterior and posterior gills. Acute transfer of green crabs to 40% SW resulted in large increases in cAMP levels in both anterior and posterior gills. The increases observed in the posterior gills are significantly different (p < 0.05) from control cAMP concentrations.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
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Program
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Biology
