Aerodynamic characteristics of the voicing distinction in electric larynx speech.
Item
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Title
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Aerodynamic characteristics of the voicing distinction in electric larynx speech.
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Identifier
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AAI8820874
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identifier
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8820874
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Creator
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Kobayashi, Noriko.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Katherine S. Harris
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Date
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1988
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Health Sciences, Speech Pathology
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Abstract
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Two major hypotheses were tested in this study. One was to test whether intraoral air pressure is controlled by supralaryngeal maneuvers in electric larynx talkers, for whom respiratory and laryngeal controls are not available. The other was to test whether electric larynx talkers are able to produce perceptually differentiable voiced and voiceless stops in intervocalic position.;Three alaryngeal talkers who use an electric larynx of the transcervical type served as subjects. These talkers have good speech intelligibility with the electric larynges. The speech material consisted of / CVC/ structure with /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, and /g/ for consonants, and / / and /I/ for vowels. Simultaneous recordings were obtained for intraoral air pressure, electromyography, i.e., signals from the genioglossus muscles and the middle constrictor muscle (for one subject only), movement of the jaw and the lower lip, and acoustic signals, for twenty repetitions of the twelve utterance types.;For all three subjects, voiceless stops were associated with significantly higher intraoral air pressure than their voiced cognates. Data on EMG and articulatory movements suggested that oropharyngeal cavity was enlarged for voiced stops compared to voiceless stops. These differences in oropharyngeal cavity size seemed to be associated with higher intraoral air pressure for voiceless stops than for voiced stops. Perceptual results showed that subjects could produce grossly differentiable intervocalic voiced and voiceless stops, although only one third of the voiceless stops were perceived as voiceless. Acoustic data showed longer consonantal closure duration for voiceless stops than for voiced stops, but the difference is not as large as in normals. Relative differences in peak intraoral air pressure was strongly associated with perception of the voicing distinction.;Thus alaryngeal talkers who speak with an electric larynx controlled intraoral air pressure by active manipulation of the supraglottal system. These variations in intraoral air pressure apparently provide useful perceptual cues for the consonant voicing distinction.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
