Dynamic surface tension of aqueous surfactant solutions.
Item
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Title
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Dynamic surface tension of aqueous surfactant solutions.
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Identifier
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AAI9020768
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identifier
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9020768
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Creator
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Hua, Xi Yuan.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Milton J. Rosen
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Date
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1990
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Chemistry, Physical
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Abstract
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The contributions of this work are as follows: (1) The technique of dynamic surface tension measurements by the maximum bubble pressure has been improved. (2) The dynamic behavior in surface adsorption for 15 highly purified surfactants and one partially purified commercial surfactant has been investigated. A general conclusion has been drawn: the greater the surface activity of the surfactant, the more will its dynamic behavior deviate from its equilibrium behavior. (3) Methodology has been developed for presenting dynamic surface tension data. Various parameters characterizing dynamic surface tension have been defined and various factors affecting these parameters have been discussed. A new term, meso-equilibrium surface tension, which is useful both in applications and in discussing the mechanism, is suggested. (4) A fairly good correlation between the wetting time on cotton skeins and the surface tension at 1 second has been found for 20 commonly used industrial and 3 purified surfactants, each at three different concentrations. (5) Theoretical advances have been made, which might be further developed: (a) the relation between dynamic surface tension data measured by the maximum bubble pressure method to surface elasticity, which is another important area in dynamic processes; (b) a semi-quantitative criterion for the mechanism of surface tension change with time; (c) a new concept, dynamic critical micelle concentration, based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
