Solid state NMR study of SEI formation in lithium ion batteries.
Item
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Title
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Solid state NMR study of SEI formation in lithium ion batteries.
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Identifier
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AAI3115305
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identifier
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3115305
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Creator
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Zhao, Dachun.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Marten denBoer
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Date
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2004
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Physics, Condensed Matter
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Abstract
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Recently, rechargeable lithium ion batteries, which offer high energy density and long cycle life, are in great demand as power sources for our mobile electronic society. The formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the surface of electrodes in lithium ion batteries plays an essential role in their performance. This thesis presents solid state NMR and MAS NMR results on the SEI, which contribute to our understanding of SEI formation on both cathodes and anodes.;This thesis is organized as following: Chapter 1 surveys the history of batteries and the challenges to further development of the lithium ion battery. Fundamental aspects and SEI formation mechanisms are also included in Chapter l. Chapter 2 deals with the principles and experimental techniques of solid state NMR.;Chapter 3 presents studies of SEI formation on anode and cathode in lithium ion batteries using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and NMR. The results provide EIS and NMR evidence that cells containing electrolytes with high EC content display less irreversible capacity after high temperature storage. The irreversible capacity is attributed to SEI growth on electrode surfaces. NMR results on cathodes, on the other hand, imply that the presence of Ni in the cathode may reduce cell performance due to the oxidation of Ni 3+ to Ni4+. Our simulations show that a lower EC/DMC ratio is associated with a smaller SEI intensity for the cathode and higher intensity for the anode.;Chapter 4 discusses the effect of temperature on SEI formation on anodes and cathodes. NMR measurements show that MCMB graphite based anodes exhibit high stability no chemical shift is evident over a wide temperature range. On cathodes, however, NMR does reveal changes in SEI intensity as a function of temperature. These changes are believed to be the result of decomposition of the SEI. Evidently, then, changes in the performance of the cell as a factor of temperature are, at least in part, due to changes in the SEI with temperature.;In Chapter 5 we report on the use of NMR to study the effect of electrolyte/solvent and electrode structure on SEI formation. The intensity of the SEI in a cell containing LiBOB electrolyte with EC and DEC is greater than that in a cell with LiPF6 electrolyte with EC and DMC. This implies that the cell containing LiBOB electrolyte with EC and DEC is more stable. From the analysis of NMR of the cathode, it was found that it is easier to form SEI in layered structure cathode than in a spinel structure, suggesting that spinel structure materials may be better choices as cathode in lithium ion batteries. Evidently, then, the choice of electrolyte/solvent materials and electrode materials are key factors in determining the performance of lithium ion batteries.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
