The effect of cue exposure on responses to food as measured by salivation and self-reports of hunger, appeal and craving.
Item
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Title
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The effect of cue exposure on responses to food as measured by salivation and self-reports of hunger, appeal and craving.
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Identifier
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AAI9618048
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identifier
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9618048
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Creator
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Butvick, Kathryn Maher.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Bruce Brown
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Date
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1996
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Psychology, Behavioral | Psychology, Experimental | Psychology, Clinical
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Abstract
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Anticipatory conditioned responses develop in the presence of stimuli that reliably signal the intake of food and prepare an organism for consumption of the food based on prior experience. The effect of manipulating the relationship between good signals and intake on physiological and self-reports of psychological responses to food is not fully understood. In this study, anticipatory salivation and self-reports of hunger, appeal and craving were concurrently measured following two minute, olfactory and visual presentations (cue-exposure trials) of food and nonfood items. Bite-sized amounts of the food presented on an exposure trial were consumed and served as reinforcers on the reinforced trials. Forty college students, who described themselves as nondieters, who ate potato chips and fruit regularly, were matched on the basis of sex and randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups. In the pretreatment phase, all participants received exposure to pencil shavings; and to fruit and potato chips, prior to and following reinforcement. During the treatment phase, based on group assignment, experimental effects were assessed after each of ten consecutive exposure trials to one stimulus. The extinction group (EX) received exposure to potato chips; the pencil shavings group (PS), pencil shavings; the reduced-level-of-reinforcement group (RLR), potato chips followed by reinforcement; and the extinction-with-rinse group (ER), potato chips. Oral rinsing with water followed all food consumption and exposure trials during the treatment phase for the extinction-with-rinse group. In the posttreatment phase, all participants received three unreinforced exposure trials, the first and third to potato chips and the second to fruit. The results showed that: (a) the repeated, unreinforced exposure to the potato chips resulted in significantly lower levels of anticipatory salivation in response to the potato chips for the EX and ER groups in the posttreatment phase; (b) reported levels of appeal for the potato chips were reliably lower for the RLR, ER and EX groups on the second posttreatment trial; (c) treatment effects did not generalize to the fruit; (d) pretreatment values for salivation did not significantly correlate with the self-report measures.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
