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Title
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Dissociation of declarative and nondeclarative memory systems in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ischaemic vascular dementia.
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Identifier
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AAI9807935
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identifier
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9807935
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Creator
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Gitlin, Heather Lynn.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Doreen Berman
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Date
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1997
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Psychology, Psychobiology | Psychology, Physiological | Psychology, Developmental | Psychology, Cognitive
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Abstract
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The goals of this study were to: (1) investigate diagnostic similarities and differences between Alzheimer's disease patients (AD), Parkinson's disease patients with dementia (PD), and ischaemic vascular dementia patients (IVD); (2) compare memory test performance between these groups; and (3) study the relationship between neuropsychological performance and compromise to the white matter of the basal ganglia thalamo-cortical motor loop, as shown on MRI, in IVD and AD. The basis for this investigation was that patients with subcortical dementia (such as IVD and PD) exhibit impaired retrieval on declarative tests, impaired motor learning, and spared priming, while patients with cortical dementia (such as AD) exhibit impaired encoding on declarative tests, impaired priming, and spared motor learning. This was the first investigation of nondeclarative memory in IVD.;15 AD, 15 IVD, 14 PD, and 15 elderly control subjects (EC), similar in age, educational status, and dementia level (for AD, IVD, and PD), were administered three memory tests, the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), the Rotary Pursuit Test, and priming, as well as executive, language, and visuospatial tasks.;In a descriptive canonical discriminant function analysis, 81% of the patients were correctly classified, with most errors involving overlap between the IVD and PD groups, suggesting that IVD and PD are neuropsychologically similar.;According to a repeated measures MANOVA, performance of all demented groups on the CVLT recognition was below that of EC, but IVD and PD outperformed AD. On the rotary pursuit test, AD outperformed both IVD and PD and did not differ from EC. There were no differences between groups in priming. Thus a double dissociation in performance on declarative memory and motor learning was found between subcortical and cortical dementia patients.;According to a multiple regression analysis, rotary pursuit performance was the strongest predictor of subcortical white matter compromise, while the CVLT and priming did not even enter the multiple regression equation. These results, along with those of the MANOVA, suggest a role for the basal ganglia thalamo-cortical motor circuit in a nondeclarative memory task, motor learning.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
