Participation of the autonomic nervous system in the beta-adrenergic agonist-induced expression of the cystatin S gene in rat submandibular glands.
Item
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Title
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Participation of the autonomic nervous system in the beta-adrenergic agonist-induced expression of the cystatin S gene in rat submandibular glands.
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Identifier
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AAI9830692
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identifier
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9830692
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Creator
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Chaparro, Orlando.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Phyllis A. Shaw
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Date
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1998
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Biology, Cell | Biology, Molecular | Biology, Neuroscience
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Abstract
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The autonomic nervous system regulates the volume, rate of secretion and composition of saliva. Parasympathetic innervation of rat submandibular glands is present at birth; sympathetic innervation only reaches the gland by postnatal day 5. Isoproterenol (IPR), a {dollar}\beta{dollar}-adrenergic agonist, induces hypertrophic and hyperplastic enlargement of rat salivary glands and expression of a number of genes including cystatin S, a member of family 2 of the cysteine proteinase inhibitor superfamily. Cystatin S gene expression is tissue and cell type specific, temporally regulated during postnatal development, and not observed in adult animals unless stimulated by IPR. Enlargement of submandibular glands and cystatin S gene expression can also be induced by continuous amputation of the lower incisor teeth or intraoral administration of the cysteine protease papain. It has been suggested that these responses are mediated by the autonomic nervous system. Experiments in this study were designed to analyze the participation of the autonomic nervous system in the IPR-induced expression of the cystatin S gene.;Sympathetic denervation (bilateral and unilateral) achieved by removing the superior cervical ganglion reduced the IPR-induced expression of the cystatin S gene. Chemical sympathectomy produced by treatment of the rats with reserpine resulted in reduction of expression of the gene comparable to that produced by surgical sympathectomy. Bilateral parasympathectomy (by severing the chorda tympani/lingual nerve) also reduced IPR-induced expression of cystatin S gene. Unilateral parasympathectomy or unilateral glossopharyngeal denervation in contrast, had no effect on IPR-induced cystatin S gene expression. Cystatin S gene expression was induced by IPR during early postnatal development before the sympathetic nerve terminals reach the gland by 5 days of age. The levels of cystatin S mRNA remained constant until day 8, when a substantial increase in IPR-induced expression of the gene was observed. This increased expression in response to IPR was reduced by sympathectomy of one day-old animals. Collectively, these data suggest a role of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of the cystatin S gene expression and indicate that factor(s) from the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nerve terminals participate in the IPR-induced expression of the cystatin S gene.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
