Articulatory compensation for a bite block, with and without auditory feedback, in hearing and hearing-impaired speakers.
Item
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Title
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Articulatory compensation for a bite block, with and without auditory feedback, in hearing and hearing-impaired speakers.
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Identifier
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AAI9917636
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identifier
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9917636
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Creator
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Campbell, Melanie McNutt.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Katherine S. Harris
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Date
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1999
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Health Sciences, Speech Pathology | Health Sciences, Audiology
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Abstract
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The role of auditory feedback in articulatory compensation for a bite block was investigated. One paradigm was applied to four groups of subjects: adults with normal hearing, four-year-old children with normal hearing, adults with congenital profound hearing loss, and adults with severe hearing loss. Every subject produced 16 tokens of each of the vowels /i/, /I/, and /ae/ in a "hVt"context within a "say hVt again" carrier phrase in each of four conditions: normal, bite-block (20-mm for adults, 10-mm for children), masking (80dB), and bite-block-plus-masking. Adults with hearing loss removed their hearing aids in masking noise. F2 and F1 measurements were made for each vowel. Degree of compensation was assessed by comparing formant values in the three test conditions with those in the normal condition and with predictions from computer simulation of the effect of a bite block, if there were no compensation. Intensity and fundamental frequency measurements were also made to monitor voice source changes. Findings showed adults with normal hearing compensate substantially, but not completely, for a bite block and that auditory feedback plays a role in that compensation. Young children do not exhibit adult-like compensatory skills nor provide evidence that auditory feedback plays a role in articulatory reorganization. They may require more speech practice in order to use auditory feedback to guide articulatory movement. Adults with profound hearing loss over-compensate for a bite block with a more anterior placement of the tongue, but tongue height becomes more variable in a jaw-fixed condition, with or without auditory feedback, suggesting that in compensation they seek to preserve articulatory gestures specified primarily by tactile and proprioceptive information. The jaw-tongue complex exhibits movement reciprocity even though their speech targets are specified by little or no auditory information. Adults with severe hearing loss compensate like adults with normal hearing. Theoretically, the findings suggest that articulatory compensation is a speech motor skill that develops given either articulatory or acoustic targets, but the pattern of compensation for each is different. Talkers preserve articulatory gestures in fixed-jaw conditions in a manner that reflects the forms of feedback to which they had access during speech development.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
