Frequency, intrusions, and suffix effects in immediate and delayed recall as a function of aging and Alzheimer's disease.
Item
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Title
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Frequency, intrusions, and suffix effects in immediate and delayed recall as a function of aging and Alzheimer's disease.
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Identifier
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AAI9917713
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identifier
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9917713
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Creator
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Wiseman Griesing, Teresa Ann.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Susan Karp Manning
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Date
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1999
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Psychology, Cognitive | Psychology, Clinical | Gerontology
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Abstract
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Recent work has suggested that patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) have attentional deficits which may result in "rapid forgetting" and the inability to inhibit responses. The inhibition difficulties appear to be responsible for various types of intrusion errors. It has been suggested that intrusion errors, in immediate recall and delayed recall, are a useful clinical marker of early AD. The following four groups were studied: normal young, normal elderly, mild cognitively impaired (MCI) elderly, and elderly with probable AD.;Experiments 1, 2, and 3 used versions of the suffix paradigm in immediate recall and examined differences between recall of letters of the alphabet presented auditorilly as compared with visually. Experiment 1 used the "standard" version of the suffix in which the control condition requires strict serial recall of the items and the suffix condition has an extra-not-to-be-recalled item appended onto the end of the list. In Experiments 2 and 3, the "varied" suffix (also not-to-be-recalled) appears equally often in all serial positions. In Experiment 1 some letters were presented three times as often as others.;In all three experiments, participants performed recall and recognition tasks after a brief delay. The expected decline in performance with increasing age and cognitive impairment was evident on all immediate and delayed measures.;However, the patterns differed. In immediate recall, there was no frequency effect for the letters presented three times more often, while there was a strong frequency effect in delayed recall with increasing with age and cognitive impairment. There were also varying patterns for modality and suffix effects in all experiments. Differences in performance in the "standard" suffix condition compared to "varied" suffix condition are discussed. Intrusion errors clearly differentiated the AD group from the other groups with a greater effect in delayed recall compared to immediate recall. Consistent with previous research, intrusion errors appear to be a useful clinical marker of early AD.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
