Modeling flow through natural wetlands with a modified dynamic wave equation.
Item
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Title
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Modeling flow through natural wetlands with a modified dynamic wave equation.
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Identifier
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AAI9997123
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identifier
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9997123
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Creator
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Stern, David Alan.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Reza Khanbilvardi
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Date
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2001
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Engineering, Civil | Engineering, Environmental
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Abstract
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This dissertation presents a mathematical model that simulates the hydrodynamics of natural wetlands. The model represents the first attempt to describe wetland flow dynamically with variables and coefficients that can be measured easily in the field.;A considerable amount of field data was collected to describe the hydrodynamics thereby providing a basis for the theory of the model and data for model calibration and verification. Several significant findings were found through dye tracer tests. Wetland type, flooding, and season significantly influenced the flow velocity through the wetland studied.;The model uses the full dynamic wave equation which has been modified to incorporate the effects of wetland stream sinuosity and vegetation. These properties can be related to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Wetland Inventory Classification Scheme.;The computer program developed for the model (DYNAWET) is based on the U.S. National Weather Service's FLDWAV program with significant modifications to solve the equations developed in this dissertation. The DYNAWET model replaces the Manning's equation expressions for the flood plain conveyance with new equations that specifically account for the porosity, average vegetative stem diameter, and drag friction that are unique for flow through vegetation. The calculation of cross-sectional areas also is modified to include a wetland porosity parameter. Comparison of the model output with stage data collected in the field demonstrates a close correspondence between the two.;An important application of the DYNAWET model is to use its output in a transport model to simulate pollutant transport through wetlands. This application could provide information that is essential for water utilities in their protection of water supplies. Water suppliers are particularly interested in the transport and fate of the (oo)cysts from two human parasitic protozoan organisms: Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. as they travel through the wetlands of their watersheds. A theoretical particle model is presented to estimate concentrations of particles leaving a wetland in the size range of (oo)cysts. Since reliable particle counting data of natural waters could not be obtained, the theoretical particle model was based on an analytical equation instead of a numerical algorithm.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
