The practice of protest: Three case studies in urban renewal.
Item
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Title
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The practice of protest: Three case studies in urban renewal.
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Identifier
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AAI9108139
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identifier
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9108139
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Creator
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Lee, Jong Youl.
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Contributor
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Adviser: John H. Mollenkopf
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Date
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1990
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Political Science, Public Administration | Urban and Regional Planning
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Abstract
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In Korea, especially Seoul, squatter settlements have been one of the major policy issue of city government. This study discusses three cases of squatter clearance and protest, those of Kwangju-daedanji, Mok-dong, and Sanggye-dong. The questions raised are: whom did urban renewal serve and what factors accounted for the dynamics of the relationship--mainly between the government and the squatters?;The protests and organizations did produce limited outcomes. The major explanatory factors for the outcomes are: the power of the state alliance with capital; appointed mayors; government vulnerability due to election and some need for legitimacy; the third party (churches and students) strategy of squatters; the Korean land ethos.;The government took the initiative in shaping renewal policies and controlled the development of the city. In spite of protests, the state--that is national and local governments and public agencies--kept going on its way as a major policy maker in renewal policy. The closed political system kept squatters away from access to the policy making stage. One surprising finding is that successive Korean governments showed political vulnerability at election time, at moments of crises of succession, and in moments of turmoil.;The large networks supported the squatter protest in three principal ways: visibility, material support and encouragement, and legitimacy. They also served a communication function and a mobilizing function. Despite all their contributions, indigenous resources were more important.;The Korean land ethic played a fundamental role in determining the relationship between the state and the squatters. The norm prescribed the participants' behavior and provided the participants with guidelines as to how they should act with reference to a variety of goals. Also, the norm contributed to the protest continuity and direction, consistent with the goals.;In renewal policy, the priority ticket was a most ingenious and effective tool. The priority ticket gave the government enormous advantages: no cost, simple administration, and transfer of decision for preference. Most squatters sold their tickets to real estate agents or other speculators. Through this ticket transaction, realtors received a large amount of benefits.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
