The effects of expected contact, perceived similarity, and motive to lie on the attribution of lying to a speaker.
Item
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Title
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The effects of expected contact, perceived similarity, and motive to lie on the attribution of lying to a speaker.
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Identifier
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AAI9111463
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identifier
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9111463
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Creator
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Toledo, Raymond Juan.
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Contributor
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Adviser: Irwin Katz
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Date
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1990
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Language
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English
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Publisher
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City University of New York.
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Subject
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Psychology, Social | Psychology, Industrial | Psychology, Personality
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Abstract
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This research sought to better understand the processes whereby an observer attributes the act of lying to a speaker. The perception of lying serves to de-stabilize the interaction process. This research wanted to identify some of the factors which contribute to the perception of deception, independent of the accuracy of the inference.;This study examined the effects of three situational variables--expectation of future contact with the speaker, perceived speaker-listener similarity, and the speaker's perceived motive to lie--on the tendency of a listener to infer the presence of lying. Hence, the experimental design was a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial. A pre-recorded job interview served as the stimulus material. A total of 130 subjects evaluated each of the job-applicant's responses. The main dependent measure was the degree to which the applicant's responses were perceived as truthful.;The results showed that the expectation of future contact with the speaker or perceived speaker-listener similarity significantly reduced the probability that the speaker would be viewed as lying. The findings also showed that the attribution of lying increased when the speaker was perceived as having a motive to lie.;In addition, subjects were required to indicate the degree to which they liked the speaker and would recommend him for a job. The speaker perceived as lying, was liked less and was less likely to be recommended for a position. Those subjects who indicated that the applicant was not truthful were asked to indicate the degree to which the speaker's inferred use of deception was due to situational factors and/or the speaker's disposition. The subjects who perceived the greatest degree of deception, tended to ascribe less guilt to the speaker for lying and to attribute the use of deception to the speaker's internal disposition. The results were interpreted as suggesting the presence of an estimation-of-lying bias, in which high estimators of lying viewed deception as a more significant threat than low estimators.;Finally, this study also included an interpersonal trust scale. The results demonstrated that the perception of lying and interpersonal trust represent two distinct and independent constructs.
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Type
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dissertation
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Source
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PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
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degree
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Ph.D.
