History and diplomacy: The United States and the Hashimite Kingdom of Jordan, 1947-1960.
Item
-
Title
-
History and diplomacy: The United States and the Hashimite Kingdom of Jordan, 1947-1960.
-
Identifier
-
AAI9630470
-
identifier
-
9630470
-
Creator
-
Jwaied, Mahmoud M.
-
Contributor
-
Adviser: Richard W. Bulliet
-
Date
-
1996
-
Language
-
English
-
Publisher
-
City University of New York.
-
Subject
-
History, United States | History, Middle Eastern | Political Science, International Law and Relations
-
Abstract
-
This thesis examines the historic and diplomatic ties between the United States and the Hashimite Kingdom of Jordan, and the roles played by Statesmen Dwight D. Eisenhower and King Hussein in the preservation of the Jordanian state despite domestic upheaval, regional turmoil, and continuous shifting alliances and counter-alliances in the volatile Middle East.;Based on a thorough examination of the diplomatic correspondence and documentary record of this period, this dissertation illustrates the impartial approach espoused by President Dwight D. Eisenhower and his Secretary of State John Foster Dulles in the conduct of American foreign relations in the Middle East. It also demonstrates the rise of King Hussein Ibn Talal as a refined statesman within the framework of successive crises, from the assassination of his grandfather King Abdullah in 1951 through the continuous deterioration of Jordanian-Israeli border relations between 1953 and 1954, to the Baghdad Pact of 1955, the Suez crisis of 1956, and the dismissal of John Bagot Glubb as the head of the Arab Legion. It reveals how the Hashimite master handled the critical year of 1958 when his uncle, King Feisal II of Iraq was dethroned and how King Hussein survived the threats emanated from Nasserists and Arab nationalists.;It concludes that a special relationship existed between the Jordanian Kingdom and the United States during the Eisenhower presidency when Washington supplanted the United Kingdom as Jordan's most reliable partner. Furthermore, it shows how this solid relationship diverged significantly from both the previous bilateral experience under President Harry S. Truman and from later experiences under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. It rejects the contention of continuity in American foreign policy in the Middle East and establishes how American-Israeli relations suffered significantly while American ties to Jordan improved remarkably during the Eisenhower administration.;This study also questions the contention that the Eisenhower Doctrine alienated all the Arab states and shattered all the gains made by the administration during the Suez crisis. It demonstrates how King Hussein strove earnestly to secure an American commitment to the defence of the Jordanian Kingdom under the Eisenhower Doctrine. It explores how the undeclared alliance between the two states diminished the chances for a possible Soviet takeover in Jordan. It substantiates the assertion that the relationship between the two countries is firmly anchored despite the lack of impartiality of Eisenhower's successors in the conduct of American diplomacy in the Middle East.
-
Type
-
dissertation
-
Source
-
PQT Legacy CUNY.xlsx
-
degree
-
Ph.D.
